The Modified Barium Swallow Study (MBSS) is where a speech-language pathologist, radiology doctor, or x-ray technologist determines a patient’s swallow. A swallow is hard to determine directly; therefore, if a child is presenting wet talking noise, poor control of oral secretions, coughing, choking, changes in breathing when eating or drinking, or has frequent respiratory infections, an MBSS is suggested to determine underlying factors. Determining if the patient has an effective swallow or not is important when it comes to successful eating. An abnormal swallow leads to a risk of aspirating foods into the lungs, weight loss, uncontrolled reflux, difficulty with harder to chew foods, or choking.
During the MBSS, the speech-language pathologist will create a series of thin and thick liquids using Barium to visualize the swallowing process with a fluoroscopy (a moving x-ray screening). The fluoroscopy allows the therapist to determine how the patient swallows by viewing the head and neck area. The actual fluoroscopy should not take longer than 15 minutes.
What is being observed (but not limited to):
Bolus formation
Bolus control
Oral transit time
Type of chewing
Epiglottic movement
Aspiration
Structural abnormalities
References
Bousquet, J., & Shonbrun, S. (2015, November 7). Pediatric modified barium swallow studies
[PowerPoint slides]. Tampa Bay Medical Speech Pathology.
https://tampabaymespa.files.wordpress.com/2015/11/pediatric-modified-barium-
swallow-studies.pdf
Evans, K. K. (n.d.). Five facts about modified barium swallow studies. University of Mississippi
Medical Center. https://www.umc.edu/som/Departments%20and%20Offices
/SOM%20Departments/Otolaryngology/About-Us/News/Articles
/Five%20Facts%20about%20Modified%20Barium%20Swallow%20Studies.html
Fluoroscopy procedure. JHM. (2019, August 14).
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/treatment-tests-and-therapies/fluoroscopy-
procedure
Modified barium swallow (cookie swallow): Children’s Pittsburgh. Children’s Hospital of
Pittsburgh. (n.d.). https://www.chp.edu/our-services/radiology/patient-procedures
/modified-barium-swallow
Modified barium swallow. UM Baltimore Washington Medical Center. (n.d.).
https://www.umms.org/bwmc/health-services/rehabilitation/speech-language-
pathology/modified-barium-swallow
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